Principle of Inkjet Printer

June 01,2022

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Inkjet printer is developed after the needle printer, which adopts the nonstrike working mode. The outstanding advantages are small size, simple and convenient operation, low printing noise, and pictures comparable to photos that can be made when using special paper, etc. After several years of practice, the technology of inkjet printers has made great progress.

 

inkjet printer

 

According to the working mode of the print head, inkjet printers can be divided into two types: piezoelectric inkjet technology and thermal inkjet technology. According to the material properties of inkjet, it can be divided into water-based materials, solid ink, and liquid ink. Now we will elaborate on them respectively.

 

Piezoelectric inkjet technology

 

Piezoelectric inkjet technology is to place many small piezoelectric ceramics near the nozzle of the print head of the inkjet printer and use the principle that it will deform under the action of voltage to add voltage to it in time. The piezoelectric ceramic then expands and contracts to eject the ink in the nozzle and form a pattern on the surface of the output medium.

 

The cost of the ink-jet print head made by the piezoelectric ink-jet technology is relatively high. Therefore, to reduce the user's use cost, the print head and ink cartridge are generally made into a separate structure, so it is not necessary to replace the print head when replacing the ink.

 

This technology was created by Epson. Because the structure of the print head is reasonable, the size and use mode of the ink drop can be effectively adjusted by controlling the voltage, to obtain high printing accuracy and printing effect. It has a strong ability to control ink drops and is easy to achieve high-precision printing. However, if the nozzle is blocked during use, the cost of dredging or replacement is relatively high and difficult to operate, which is easy to cause damage to the whole printer.

 

Thermal inkjet technology

 

Thermal inkjet technology is to let the ink pass through the fine nozzle, vaporize part of the ink in the nozzle pipe under the action of the strong electric field, forms a bubble, and ejects the ink at the nozzle to the surface of the output medium to form a pattern or character. So this kind of inkjet printer is sometimes called a bubble printer. The nozzle made by this technology has mature technology and low cost, but the electrode in the nozzle is always affected by electrolysis and corrosion, which will have a lot of impact on the service life. Therefore, the print head using this technology is usually combined with the ink cartridge. When the ink cartridge is replaced, the print head is updated at the same time. In this way, users will no longer have to worry too much about the problem of nozzle blockage. At the same time, to reduce the use cost, we can often see the injection of ink cartridges (filling ink). When the print head has just finished inking, it can be filled with special ink immediately. As long as the method is appropriate, it can save a lot of consumables.

 

The disadvantage of thermal inkjet technology is that the ink will be heated during use, and the ink is prone to chemical changes at high temperatures, so the color authenticity will be affected to a certain extent; On the other hand, because the ink is ejected through bubbles, it is difficult to master the directivity and volume of ink particles, and the edges of printing lines are easy to be uneven, which affects the printing quality to a certain extent. Therefore, the printing effect of most products is not as good as that of piezoelectric technology products.

 

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